CALIBER 2001:Pune

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PRESERVATION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION IN LIBRARIES: ISSUES AND STRATEGIES
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Bulu, Maharana; Panda, K C
The introduction of digital technology into the process of production, distribution and storage of information has made the libraries to go digital. Libraries all around the globe have responded to various challenges posed by the preservation of digital information and have encountered the technical, organizational, resource and legal issues associated with it. Although, the libraries have been experimenting with various preservation strategies such as technology preservation, emulation, migration etc., the need for a technologically feasible, financially affordable and widely acceptable strategy for preservation is still there. The paper discusses various issues and challenges associated with digital preservation and examines different strategies of digital preservation. The paper highlights initiatives undertaken at international level to develop workable approaches and best-practice preservation strategies for digital resources in libraries.
STUDY ON THE INTERCONNECTION AND INTEROPERABILITY OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
(2001-03) Rachna, Patnaik
The development of computer and network technology has led to great changes in the field of information science. With the development of World Wide Web technology, the distribution, searching and browsing of information has led to revolutionary changes. Digital libraries calls for resource sharing, which is a convenient way for managing and distributing information among users. Heterogeneous systems have to be interconnected so that the user community can have seamless/precise flow of information as per need. Also, future systems and services must be interoperable so that there is no potential loss of precision or data in the data exchange. This paper is an attempt to study interconnection and interoperability of information systems. Keeping in view the future users requirements, new technologies in the next generation information systems are also discussed. It is essential that in future networks must be interconnected, the service must be interoperable and information must be shared.
Digitisation of Libraries and Manpower Issues In The Indian Context
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Kalra, H P S
ICTs have been adopted by libraries in India as and when they are evolved. The transformation of some traditional libraries into hybrid libraries has been gradual, but with little jerks as well. The paper stresses that ICTs are inevitable for a modern library in a networked global information society. This paper also raises some is sues, particularly the ones concerning human resources, faced by Indian libraries in various stages of transformation. Libraries in India are now faced with issues concerning the most critical resource in management, viz. the human resource. From poorly organised collections managed by non-professionals to modern networked libraries managed by professionals, and libraries falling somewhere between the two extremes, India has all types and levels of libraries. With a large number of libraries still tradit ional, some automated, and only a few having digital collections, manpower issues in case of Indian libraries are diverse and complex. Many university and special libraries have completed to a larger extent their automation processes, and are also networked. This paper highlights the problems faced by librarians in modernising their libraries and digitizing their collections. Public libraries seem to have been left behind as far as adoption of ICTs and modernisation of libraries is concerned. In the absence of clear-cut policy and guidelines for networking, and digitization of libraries, and the provision of electronic library services, library authorities and professionals are facing a lot of problems. The paper points out that in India there is also a contradiction regarding employment scenario in libraries. On the one hand there are many libraries which don't have a qualified professional librarian, and on the other there are inadequate employment opportunities for the very large number of qualified bachelors' and masters' degree holders in library and information science. This situation has implications for teachers in library and information science for updating the syllabi of existing courses and introducing new need based short-term courses to strengthen the existing professionally qualified staff. The paper lays emphasis on developing policy drafts for library and information services in the country in the context of digitization and global electronic village. Particular emphasis must be laid down in the policy on issues concerning manpower. Since government agencies have not done much regarding policy issues, concerned professional associations and organisations should take up the initiative in this regard. The paper concludes with the hope that in the near future, library associations and organisations shall play proactive and assertive roles so that some of the issues currently faced by the profession are sorted out.
MANAGEMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL DIGITAL RESOURCES
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Thandavamoorthy, K; Vengan, R
The unique knowledge base for the profession of pharmacy is the body of drug information that the pharmacists use to define, monitor and modify the drug therapy of the patients that he or she serves. Digital resources offer such possibility and possess advantages over traditional sources with respect to access of information. One of the greatest benefit of digital resources is that, users can access the resources themselves. The focus of this paper is on the management of digital resources. Response to specific questions relating to pharmaceutical practices, the growth of pharmaceutical information and the use of Information Technology for managing digital sources are some of the facets dealt in detail. Pharmaceutical Digital Resources in the form of CD-ROMs and Web sites and their contents are detailed for information and use. Finally, an emphasis has been made for acquiring and familiarising Information Technology related techniques for effective use of pharmaceutical information.
UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN DIGITIZED INFORMATION ENVIRONMENT
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Satyanarayana, M; Rao Venkateswara, L
The university library serves as a resource for teaching, learning and research programmes of University. Its basic objective is to help the university in achieving its goals. The latest information as well as communication technologies and ever- increasing needs of users have made the university libraries move from traditional to digital environment. The modern university library no longer consists only of books but also has information in digital format. This paper defines university, it s objectives and functions. It presents the services that are being provided by a modern university library. It discusses the latest advancements in information and communication technologies. It defines the concept of Digital Library and its nature, functions and environment. Finally, the paper concludes that in the digitised information environment, a university library is better equipped to provide services in a pinpointed, exhaustive and expeditious fashion.
DIGITAL PRESERVATION: ISSUES AND CURRENT STATUS
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Jyoti, Misra
For several decades, preservation specialists have voiced concern over preservation of our cultural heritage in electronic form. Digital information is no less important than its analogue counterpart. Both require efforts to preserve the wealth that they contain. But, because electronic formats are mo re fragile and rely on technology that is constantly changing, the decisions that must be made about preservation must be considered sooner rather than later. It is in this context, that, this paper explores the issues surrounding the preservation of digital information and throws light on proposed strategies for digital longevity. This paper concludes that the need of hour is to create and develop valid documents in standard formats and adopt suitable methods to preserve data in digital format.
XML ROLE IN DEFINING METADATA USING DTDs FOR THE DIGITAL RESOURCES ON THE WEB
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) GAYATHRI DEVI, S
This paper introduces the concept of deficiencies in html and advocates that xml can be a substitute of html for its advantages. Being the web standard, it also accomplishes its application to the library documents as a metatag descriptor. The paper explains this through an example of XML, DTD, CSS, HTML files with few catalogue fields as descriptors. It also focuses on the various recommendations brought by RDF and Dublin Core in the development of metadata.
FREE ELECTRONIC SCHOLARLY JOURNALS: A STUDY
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Ayesha, Taranum
From the early 90’s, the pool of free scholarly electronic journals has increased considerably. Electronic Journals in Scholarly setting continue a tradition of creation and dissemination of knowledge that has begun long ago on Print Journals. The attitude and publishing habits of researchers have changed. Amidst the furore of serial price increase, the steady growth of scholarly journals freely available in electronic form is worth noticing. Most editors and publishers agree that the research findings should be made widely available to all, and the internet is capable of doing just that. This paper tends to look at some of the aspects of free scholarly journals, their availability, impact on the scientific community and resource links.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INTERNET EDITIONS OF MARATHI NEWSPAPERS.
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Patil, S K; Mahajan, S G
Internet editions of various newspapers in English and other regional languages in India are being produced, on an increasing scale, in India during the last three/four years. The text of these editions is preserved at various newspaper offices. This has resulted in database creation activity in Indian languages. Internet editions of Marathi newspapers are also being produced recently . Studies have been conducted on four Marathi news papers and various aspects like periodicity, preservation periods, typography/fonts used, procedure for information searching, headings, colours used etc. have been studied.
MANAGEMENT OF REPROGRAPHY AND MICROFORMS SERVICES, NECESSARY FACILITIES, DIFFICULTIES AND REMEDIES
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Sharma, Veena
The paper mainly dials with how to manage the reprographic services in the libraries provides guildlines for all types of libraries with practical approach towards selection, acquisition and usage of microforms. The problems in managing the services and enumerated. Different types of technologies used in providing reprographic services are listed along with associated problems and solution. Finally, the paper proposes that, there is need to bring out a CD containing information of 15,000 manuscripts collection available in Nagpur University Library.
ELECTRONIC BOOK: A KIND OF DIGITAL RESOURCE
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Jalal, Samir Kumar
Books form an important part of human culture and heritage. Traditional approaches to book production include either manual or mechanical binding of sheets of paper in order to form an organized, structured entity of knowledge. Now, the mode of production, dissemination and information seeking behavior of users are changing in electronic era and call for alternative approaches to book production, dissemination and use. One such alternative approach is the creation of Electronic Book. This paper discusses the growing importance of e-book, creation techniques, some issues and challenges and its implications in libraries and information centers.
METADATA: A TOOL FOR CATALOGUING WEB RESOURCES
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Singh, Pramod Kumar
As the Internet became an accepted source of electronic information, a variety of information communities have developed metadata to organize these resources to effectively serve their users. So metadata has taken on a more significant role of knowledge representation and data mining. In today's context, where the web contains the collection of massive heterogeneous objects, which need to be unified and linked in a single resource, we are witnessing both the growth of different metadata standards and the attempts to reconcile the common attributes in the existing overlapping standards. The goal is to access relevant information seamlessly, regardless of its type and location. This article addresses different aspects of metadata, the rationale behind it and gives a general picture of Dublin Core metadata elements.
CREATION OF DIGITAL RESOURCES IN THE PHYSICS DEPARTMENT LIBRARY, CUSAT; A CASE STUDY
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Beena, C
This paper discusses the proposed digital library to be established in Department of Physics Library at Cochin University of Science and Technology. Acquisition of digital resources, conversion of the traditional resources into digital form and the current status of the library functions as well as services are also discussed.
DIGITISATION OF RESOURCES AT MADRAS UNIVERSITY LIBRARY (MUL) USING THE "SOUL"
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Vengan, R.; Ganesan, S
The paper gives a brief account of IT application in Madras University Library. Lists hardwares and softwares used for creation of different databases listed. Discusses in great detail degitisation initiatives taken by Madras University libraries under the RECON project supported by INFLIBNET. Steps followed in execution of the project and use of SOUL for creating database have been presented. At the end future plans are briefly discussed.
CD – ROM DATABASE SERVICES IN NETWORK USING ‘SLINGSHOT’: AN EXPERIENCE AT CENTRAL LIBRARY, I.I.T. KHARAGPUR.
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Mohapatra, P K; Shankar, Uma
This article deals with concept and scope of Local Area Network (LAN) , Intranet and their applications in the area of Online Database Services in any modern automated library system, with specific reference to the current status of online database services, presently in operation, at Central Library , I.I.T. Kharagpur. In the introduction, authors present a short description of the ongoing trends in information management field with special attention to the need of the day for network based online library services to overcome the age old barriers of geographical distance and time . Further to this, authors present an outline of the existing strong and secure computer network infrastructure available at IIT kharagpur, which has created a favourable condition for switching over to large scale online library services from the conventional stand alone mode of services. They also present a simple but useful description of ‘Slingshot‘, the interfacing software, and its application to put some of the CD – ROM databases into online services through LAN/ Intranet.
CREATION AND MANAGEMENT OF DIGITAL RESOURCES - A SURVEY OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION CENTRES OFTWELVE INSTITUTIONS IN PUNE
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Tarunde, Rewa A
A survey of library and information centres of 12 institutions which include 3 Engineering colleges, 4 Research Centres and 5 Software companies was conducted. While investigating creation and management of digital resources as well as conventional resources, it was observed that engineering colleges have interactive classroom type of learning and therefore the libraries have mainly textbooks/reference books, where as in software companies, information was available in the web based form. It was also observed that software companies were establishing Documentation/Resources centres. In order to interact more effectively to convert information into solutions and useful products via knowledge, it is suggested that libraries/information centres should play an active role in this process. Research institutions and engineering colleges can also follow the learning and skill development process followed by IT companies.
Acquisition and Preservation of Digital Resoures
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Bhakti, Beke; Shinde, Swati
The article deals with various aspects of digital resources such as selection, acquisition, legal aspects of purchasing, such as licensing agreements, archiving or preservation.Today the availability of digital resources is growing faster which have made significant impact not only on the traditional acquisition policy but also on the preservation and weeding out policy. Due to proliferation of digital resources, it is important that they should be preserved for long-term access. The article points out necessity of sound acquisition policy and the preservation aspects.
DIGITAL RESOURCES AT NCL PUNE
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Dalvi, V S; Dahibhate, N B; Chirmule, M P
In the present era of Information Technology ( IT ), extensive efforts are made for the resource sharing activities at various levels. Resource sharing through networks is more popular in the area of Library and Information Services (LIS). Activities of resource sharing are increasing and more effective and efficient services are provided to the user community with the help of IT. Networks play an important role in LIS and help in achieving the economy in dissemination of information. Internet has proved to be a boon and intranets are gaining importance in sharing the organisational resources. The present paper deals wit h a case study of establishment of intranet at NCL (National Chemical Laboratory) and benefits acquired by the staff of the organisation.
DIGITISATION OF MARATHI MANUSCRIPTS
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Deshpande, N J; Panage, B M
The present paper discusses the importance of manuscript collection and the necessity to preserve it for the future research and references. It highlights on the existing precious manuscript collection of Jayakar library. The paper tries to convert document in the digital form to preserve and maintain it. More emphasis is given on conversion of Marathi manuscripts available in the Jayakar library. It also discusses various methods of capturing data and its advantages and disadvantages. The central theme of the paper is to find out, how much space is required to store one image in various file formats likebitmap, tif and jpeg, which may act as a guideline for preservation and maintenance of manuscripts.
ELECTRONIC INFORMATION RESOURCES: A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TOWARDS INTRODUCING USERS
(INFLIBNET Centre, 2001-03) Kumbar, Mallinath; Rao, R V; Nargund, I N
The progress in Information Technology and the emergence of Internet and its WWW has given a new face-lift to the information systems. The library collections with the tradition of its holdings are now added with the electronic information resources in various formats. The popularity and ease in use of WWW has lured most of the reputed publishers to host their products on Web. In this changing information environment, the role of information professionals is becoming crucial and challenging. It is becoming important to introduce users to maximum and optimum utilisation of electronic information resources. In this paper, the authors have highlighted the need and importance of user instruction services and suggested user instruction programmes for better utilisation of electronic information resources.

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